Knowing your provincial and municipal budget cycles and where investments are anticipated provide insight to the most lucrative opportunities and inform proposal positioning.
Guidance and requirements provided to procurement officials:
1
Notice of Proposed Procurement (NPP)
Use when: Opportunity is being publicly posted to signal an upcoming or active procurement
Public notice of opportunity
Includes scope, timeline, and submission details
➡️ Signals suppliers to review, prepare, & decide
2
Request for Information (RFI) / Letter of Interest (LOI)
Use when: You need market insight before formal procurement
Requirement is unclear or evolving
You want to shortlist qualified suppliers
➡️Pre-procurement discovery tool
3
Request for Proposal (RFP)
Use when: Requirement is complex or not fully defined
Suppliers need to propose solutions
Evaluation based on quality + approach + price
Negotiation may be required
➡️ Buying a solution, not just a price
4
Invitation to Tender (ITT)
Use when: Clear, well-defined requirement
Multiple capable suppliers
Same pricing structure across bids
Decision = lowest compliant price
➡️ Straight price competition, no negotiation
5
Request for Supply Arrangement (SA)
Use when: Ongoing need, but requirements vary
Cannot fully define work upfront
Need a pool of pre-qualified suppliers
Further negotiation happens per contract
➡️ Flexible supplier pool, mini-competitions later
6
Request for Standing Offer (SO)
Use when: Ongoing, repeat purchases
Demand is uncertain
Pricing and terms can be pre-set
➡️ Pre-approved pricing → call-ups as needed(Not a contract until used)
7
Request for Quotation (RFQ)
Use when: Low complexity, under $25K
Requirement is clear and standardized
➡️ Quick pricing check for simple purchases
8
Telephone-Buy
Use when: Up to $5K (competitive) / Up to $10K (non-competitive)
Speed is critical
➡️ Fastest option, informal but documented
Federal Internal Process
Phase 1: Plan a Procurement Strategy
Method of supply
· Total estimated cost including all options, maintenance and storage costs
· Contract period
· Delivery requirements
· Procurement schedule
Evaluation procedures & method of selection
· Environmental factors
· Commercial products versus customized solutions
· Risk factors
· Limitation of liability or indemnification
Possible use of a fairness monitor
· Participation of small and medium enterprises
· Indigenous considerations
· Accessibility requirements
· Other national objectives
Compatibility with existing solutions
· Opportunity to consolidate requirements
· Disposal of the product, if applicable
· Renewal (procurement of a replacement good or service and all transfer costs)
Federal Internal Process
Preparing Documentation
Define the Requirement
Some questions to ask when defining the requirement:
What is needed?
What should it do?
What is the delivery date?
Where will it be used?
Develop a Statement of Work
A brief introduction
Purpose of the project
Project scope
A work breakdown structure to identify the project tasks, milestones and deliverables
A project schedule for the tasks, milestones and deliverables
Project requirements and acceptance criteria
Payment terms and conditions
Questions to consider when reviewing:
Is the requisition properly authorized?
Does the estimated funding seem adequate?
Are the financial codes identified?
Are invoicing and shipping instructions provided?
Have green procurement considerations been addressed?
Is the requisition subject to the Comprehensive Land Claims Agreements?
Has the SRCL been included, if applicable?
Are the dates and timetables proposed realistic?
Are the goods or services adequately defined in the requisition or attached technical documentation?
Federal Internal Process
Phase 2: Bidding and Contract Award
Solicit Bids
Advertise procurement on the CanadaBuys Tender Opportunities
Solicit From Qualified Suppliers
Publishing Solicitation Documents
All bids must be published with solicitation documents for each publicly advertised competitive solicitation.
Finding a Supplier
Supplier Information (SI) service to find suppliers, which provides a list of more than 110,000 companies registered to do business with the federal government.
Bid Evaluation Methods
Three methods of evaluation may be used:
Minimum mandatory criteria requirements, where a proposal must meet all the mandatory criteria specified in the solicitation document
Point-rated criteria requirements, where a bid must obtain the required minimum score on the point-rated criteria
Combination of minimum mandatory and point-rated requirements
Lowest Price
Proposals must meet the minimum mandatory before price is considered. The lowest price will then determine who is selected.
Best Overall Value
The requirements usually include mandatory and point-rated criteria where a point-rating scale is developed.
Equation: bid price / total points achieved in the technical evaluation = Best Overall Value
Federal Internal Process
Phase 3: Contract Management and Closeout
Contract Completion — A contract IS fully completed when:
Firm price purchase orders or contracts are clearly set out and priced
All of the required deliverable items have been received as laid out in the contract
The customer has received and accepted the goods and/or services
The customer has been invoiced and paid the agreed upon price
There are no outstanding work deficiencies, changes, payments, or claims requiring further action
A contract is NOT fully completed if:
There are outstanding deliverables
Intellectual property issues are present
It is audited and requires verification for possible adjustment of costs or profits before a final contract amendment can be issued
The contracting officer is responsible for ensuring that all contractual action is done before considering the contract fully completed.
Scoring approaches
Does the Lowest Price Always Win?
Example 1: Basic RFP Scoring (Most Common)
How it works:
01
Technical is scored first (often must pass a threshold)
02
Price is scored using a formula (not subjective)
03
Highest total score wins
Total: 100 points
Scoring approaches
Example 2: Mandatory + Rated Criteria
Step 1: Mandatory Criteria (Pass/Fail)
Must meet all to proceed
Example:
Minimum 3 similar projects ✔️
Security clearance ✔️
Certifications ✔️
➡️ Fail one = disqualified
Step 2: Rated Criteria (Point-Based)
➡️ Often require minimum technical score (e.g. 60/80) to unlock price evaluation
Scoring approaches
Example 3: Technical Gate + Price Formula
Step 1: Technical (80 points total)
Must score ≥ 60/80 to pass
Each section is appointed total points determined by importance to the project.
Step 2: Price (20 points)
Formula example:
➡️ Rewards competitive pricing without making it the only factor
Scoring approaches
Example 4 & 5: Best Value vs. Lowest Price
Example 4: Best Value (Heavier on Quality)
➡️ Used when:
Outcomes matter more than cost
Innovation or impact is important
Example 5: Lowest Price Technically Acceptable (LPTA)
Pass all mandatory + minimum technical threshold
Winner = lowest price
➡️ Used for:
Commoditized, low-risk work
Clearly defined deliverables
get involved
Where To Find Government Contracts
CanadaBuys (Ariba)
Start Here to access Ariba - formally known as CanadaBuys
Multi-Province and Broader Public Sector Opportunities (cost associated)
High-level overview of your solution, value, and why you should win
Understanding of Requirements
Demonstrates you clearly understand the problem, goals, and context
Technical / Approach / Methodology
How you will deliver the solution (process, tools, timelines, outputs)
Project Plan / Work Plan
Detailed breakdown of phases, milestones, and deliverables
Team & Roles
Who is delivering the work, their roles, and relevant qualifications
Corporate Experience
Your company's relevant experience and past performance
Case Studies / Past Projects
Specific examples with outcomes, metrics, and relevance
Key Personnel Resumes
Individual qualifications of team members assigned to the project
Pricing / Financial Proposal
Cost structure, pricing model, and total bid price
Each will be submitted as directed. Either in a specific format, a separate file or, a file like this example is provided. If an excel is provided, ensure all sheets are filled out in full.
Value-Add / Innovation
Additional benefits, efficiencies, or unique approaches you bring